Trade Name(s):
Available
Dose
Indications
Treating rheumatoid arthritis, psoriatic arthritis, recurrent uveitis, or moderate to severe complications of lupus
Side Effects
High blood pressure or a decrease in kidney function may require a dose adjustment. This medication may increase uric acid levels, either worsening pre-existing gout or less commonly inducing gout. Other side effects include low blood counts, headache, tremors, neuropathy (uncommon), increased hair growth, muscle cramps, swelling of the gums, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain and swelling of the hands or feet.
Monitoring
Baseline blood pressure, weight gain, blood count, kidney and liver function, and uric acid levels are advisable. Blood pressure and weight should be monitored every 2 weeks until the dose is stable, then monthly. Kidney function should be monitored monthly, with blood counts, liver function tests, and electrolytes periodically while taking this medication. Drug levels can also be monitored but this is generally not necessary with doses under 5 mg/kg/day.
Important Points to Know
Cyclosporine may result in a greater chance for some cancers, particularly skin cancers. This risk is much more significant at higher doses. Sun screens and yearly skin exams are important. Notify your provider of any weight gain of > 5 lbs. in 24 hours. To decrease chances of gum disease, brush and floss regularly. Avoid grapefruit and grapefruit juice, as this affects the blood levels of cyclosporine. Many medications also interact with cyclosporine. Patients must be certain they provide accurate medication lists to all providers and tell any provider to check for interactions.